American-Ukrainian physicist Igor Bolshinsky (centre) holds a disometer, project leader Kelly Cummins (left) holds a pair of dummy fuel assemblies, and Jay Thomas (left). The removal of Kazakhstan's highly enriched uranium (HEU) is part of the U.S. Global Threat Reduction Initiative (GTRI), where Bolshinsky and Cummins work, which tries to secure nuclear material around the world to prevent their misuse.