Miners 900 metres underground at the NFCA's (Non-Ferrous Company Africa) Chambishi copper mine. Conditions are tough, it is hot and humid and managing the supply of fresh air, ventilation, and pumping out groundwater are vital aspects of the mining operation. The NFCA, a Chinese company, owns and operates several mines and plants in the Copperbelt. The Chinese mother company CNMC (China Nonferrous Metal Mining Co.) has been called a pioneer among Chinese enterprises to implement the 'going abroad' strategy: to carry out international investments and cooperation in order to develop mineral resources and mining industry overseas. Many Chinese companies are involved in construction, agriculture, manufacturing and retail, but the bulk, nearly 90% of Sino-Zambian investment, is in the country's mining sector.